3 Ways to Do Long Multiplication
![](https://www.thetechedvocate.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/3-Ways-to-Do-Long-Multiplication.jpg)
Introduction
Long multiplication is a fundamental skill that helps us in everyday life as well as in more advanced mathematics. It involves multiplying larger numbers, usually two or more digits long, by breaking them down into smaller units. There are several methods to do long multiplication – some people find certain methods easier or faster than others. In this article, we’ll explore three ways to do long multiplication: the standard method, lattice multiplication, and the partial products method.
1. Standard Method – Traditional Long Multiplication
The standard method, also known as traditional long multiplication or column multiplication, is the most widely taught and practiced method. It involves arranging numbers vertically and then multiplying and carrying values in columns. Here’s how it works:
Step 1: Write the two numbers you want to multiply one on top of the other, aligned on the right (like an addition problem).
Step 2: Start with the digit in the ones place of the bottom number (the multiplier) and multiply it by each digit of the top number (the multiplicand) moving from right to left. Write down each result under the corresponding column with any carried values.
Step 3: Repeat this process for each digit of the bottom number (the multiplier), multiplying it with each digit of the top number (the multiplicand).
Step 4: Add up all results from previous steps and write the sum underneath, which gives you your final answer.
2. Lattice Multiplication
Lattice multiplication is an alternative approach involving a grid pattern to solve long multiplication problems. It can be particularly helpful for visual learners. Here’s how to do lattice multiplication:
Step 1: Create a grid based on the number of digits in each number being multiplied.
Step 2: Multiply each digit combination and write down their product in corresponding cells, splitting tens and ones place digits into different areas of each cell.
Step 3: Add up the values along the diagonal lines, carrying any values as necessary when moving to the next diagonal.
Step 4: Write down the resulting digits in order along the outer edge of the grid to get your final product.
3. Partial Products Method
The partial products method breaks down long multiplication into more manageable chunks and may be less overwhelming for some learners. Follow these steps for the partial products method:
Step 1: Write each number on a separate line, and under each digit, write its value in expanded form (e.g., 35 would be written as 30 + 5).
Step 2: Multiply each part of one number by each part of the other number and write down all partial products.
Step 3: Add up all partial products from the previous step to find your final answer.
Conclusion
By learning these three methods for long multiplication – the standard method, lattice multiplication, and partial products – you can choose the one that works best for you. It’s essential to practice each technique regularly to develop a strong foundation in long multiplication. With time and patience, you’ll become well-equipped to handle various multiplication problems with ease.